Should I Sand In Between Coats Of Stain?

When It Makes Sense

• Good fit: You are using an oil‑based stain on hardwood that shows noticeable grain raise after the first coat, and you want a very smooth, even color before applying the next coat.
• Good fit: You are applying multiple thin coats to achieve a deep, rich hue and need each layer to adhere firmly without surface imperfections.

When You Should Avoid It

• Warning sign: You are using a water‑based stain on a delicate softwood where the surface is already smooth; sanding can easily remove too much material and create unevenness.
• Warning sign: The first coat has fully cured and the surface feels hard; additional sanding may generate dust that contaminates the next coat and lead to a mottled finish.

Pros and Cons

Pros

• Reduces raised grain and creates a smoother surface, leading to a more uniform final color.
• Improves adhesion of the subsequent coat, especially with oil‑based stains that benefit from a lightly abraded substrate.

Cons

• Requires extra time, effort, and equipment; sanding dust must be meticulously removed to avoid blemishes.
• Over‑sanding can strip away pigment from the previous coat, resulting in a lighter appearance or uneven tone.

Decision Checklist

• Does the first coat show grain raise or surface imperfections that a light abrasion could correct?
• Is the stain type (oil‑based vs. water‑based) one that typically benefits from intermediate sanding?
• Do you have the tools and a dust‑free environment to sand and clean the surface safely?

Alternatives to Consider

If sanding seems risky, you can use a deglosser or liquid sandpaper to flatten the surface without abrasive particles, apply a pre‑stain wood conditioner to limit grain raise, or simply add a thin additional coat and let the finish self‑level if the manufacturer’s instructions allow.

Final Recommendation

For most oil‑based stains on hardwood where grain raise is evident, a very fine grit (220‑320) sand between coats can noticeably improve results. With water‑based stains, delicate woods, or when you lack proper dust control, it is usually better to skip sanding and rely on additional thin coats or a deglosser. When in doubt, especially for high‑value projects, consult a professional wood finishing specialist.